Practice of Medicine in MD (Homoeopathy) — the whole of clinical medicine, read through homoeopathic principle

In BHMS, Practice of Medicine runs from the Second Professional year to the Fourth, as PM-1 to PM-III. It is the subject in which the undergraduate learns clinical medicine as a whole — the systems of the body, their diseases, their examination and investigation. The MD speciality in Practice of Medicine takes the same field to postgraduate depth, and asks throughout how homoeopathic principle is to be held within it. It is one of the seven Part II specialities of the NCH Competency Based Dynamic Curriculum for MD (Homoeopathy), from the 2024-25 batch, and MGGAU examines it as a distinct MD paper. The curriculum document our sheet follows is an updated version, dated 06-02-2025 in its file name.

The course runs three years under the 2024 Post-Graduate Regulations: Part I, about eighteen months, as a Junior Resident, and Part II as a Senior Resident.

**Part I, Paper 1 — Fundamentals of Practice of Medicine.** The curriculum describes this paper as clinical examination, functional anatomy, physiology, investigations and cardinal manifestations under general medicine, paediatrics, psychiatry and dermatology, together with laboratory investigations, evidence-based medicine, and homoeopathic concepts — the miasmatic evolution of disease and applied materia medica. Its fourteen modules go system by system: the cardiovascular system; the respiratory system; the alimentary tract, pancreas, liver and biliary tract; the kidney and genitourinary system; the musculoskeletal system; the reproductive system; the endocrine system; the blood; the nervous system; the skin and its appendages; psychiatric disorders; and then pain and fever, each as a cardinal manifestation in its own right.

For these thirteen modules the source lists no topics — their sub-items are competency tables, which our sheet does not transcribe — so this page gives the module names only. The fourteenth module is spelt out. It integrates clinical diagnostics and homoeopathy: the interpretation of laboratory and radiological investigations; evidence-based medicine, its ethical issues and guidelines, with its homoeopathic orientation; and the reading of the cardinal manifestations in a sick person according to homoeopathic concepts — the miasmatic evolution of the expressions of disease, applied materia medica and the use of the repertory.

**Part I, Paper 2 — Fundamentals of Homoeopathy in Practice of Medicine.** Here the bridge runs the other way from the non-clinical specialities. Where a scholar of Materia Medica or Repertory takes a paper in clinical medicine, a scholar of Practice of Medicine takes a paper in homoeopathy. Its ten modules are a sequence of concepts: the Hahnemannian concept of man, health and disease; dynamism, recovery and cure, and the obstacles to cure; artificial disease and the portrait of disease; unprejudiced observation and case taking; symptomatology; susceptibility, and acute and chronic disease; suppression, miasms and vaccinations in medicine; totality; the similar and the simillimum; and therapeutic management. The source prints these at chapter level, and so do we.

**Part I, Paper 3** is the Research Methodology and Biostatistics paper common to all seven specialities.

**Part II, Paper I — system-based disease.** Ten modules take general medicine, with paediatrics and dermatology included, system by system: cardiovascular, respiratory, kidney and genitourinary, endocrine and metabolic, alimentary tract and pancreas, liver and biliary tract, blood, musculoskeletal and bone metabolism, neurological, and skin. For each group of diseases the curriculum asks the same things: pathophysiology, epidemiology, clinical features, complications, investigations and management, and then the miasmatic evolution, the homoeopathic approach, and — its own words — scope and limitations. That last phrase recurs throughout the speciality, and it is the right frame for reading everything else in it.

**Part II, Paper II — from infection to the national health programmes.** Fourteen modules widen the field beyond the organ systems:

– infection and immune failure, from the patterns of infection and host–microorganism interaction to vaccine development and the management of infection;
– water, electrolyte and acid–base balance;
– nutritional, metabolic and environmental disease;
– clinical genetics, including genetic counselling and testing;
– psychiatric and addiction disorders, with the legal aspects of psychiatry;
– geriatric medicine — normal ageing, the concept of homeostenosis, frailty, and the assessment and rehabilitation of frail older people;
– oncology, as the approach to a patient: diagnosis, assessment, staging and the principles of treatment;
– women’s diseases, including medical disease in pregnancy;
– lifestyle illnesses — the role of the individual and the environment in their genesis, a homoeopathic perspective with comprehensive assessment, and the role of education, family education and ancillary measures;
– critical care, with its principles, monitoring and scoring systems;
– palliative care and pain management — symptom control, rehabilitation, continuity of care and terminal care;
– emergency medicine, from pre-hospital care to basic trauma care;
– poisoning and envenomation;
– and the national health programmes — their concept, objectives, implementation, ground realities and impact, the programmes under NRHM, and the contribution of homoeopathy.

**Who this speciality forms.** The curriculum describes a physician who can stand at any point in clinical medicine — the ward, the emergency, the critical-care bed, the palliative-care room, the public-health programme — and know the disease in the terms of modern medicine, the patient in the terms of homoeopathic principle, and the honest limits of the system in that setting. Its reach is wide, and its insistence on scope and limitation is part of what makes it rigorous.

**What this room will hold.** Study notes following the CBDC modules: orientations to each system as the curriculum frames it, pieces on the ten homoeopathic concepts of Part I Paper 2, and notes on the Part II topics — geriatrics, critical and palliative care, clinical genetics and the national health programmes among them. They will be written as study of the curriculum, never as advice about any person’s illness. Everything here carries the MD tag and the Practice of Medicine category, so it also stands on the Practice of Medicine topic in Homoeopathy Knowledge.